The purpose of an Inert Gas Generator (IGG) on a tanker vessel is to prevent explosions and fires in the cargo tanks by creating and maintaining an oxygen-deficient atmosphere, thereby eliminating the conditions necessary for combustion.
This is achieved by supplying a gas mixture with a low oxygen content (typically below 5% by volume) into the vapor space of the cargo tanks, which displaces the oxygen-rich air.
This makes the atmosphere in the tanks non-flammable, even when volatile hydrocarbon vapors are present.
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